(Ca. 1975)
I guess only in order to determine who will pay for treatment for too long questioned. It can also download a special boot sizes, designed for Yaroslav.
They hoped that they succeed in this montage implicate Kaczynski. Did not work out, Benny had again to do it all yourself.
Suwalskie deposits worth more than gold around the world ... |  |
| | Publication date: 03/09/2009 0:42 |
| debate on the polymetallic ore mine in Szurpiły the near Suwalki discuss strategy for the so-called. The walls of Eastern Europe suggests Ząbkiewicz George, chairman of the Association of Self-governing region of Suwalki. - Pospierajmy the arguments, not ideas - says the chairman. |
How boomerang back (at least in the circles of scientists and residents of Suwałki) in recent months, the case of polymetallic deposits in the Suwalki region. Disagree with each other proponents and opponents of mining. Some see a great economic opportunity not only to Polish North-East, but throughout the Commonwealth. Others floated the lunar landscape, if God forbid - someone dared to stick a pick in the beautiful land of Suwalki.
expensive than gold
During the ongoing 40 years of geological discovery in the Suwalki region almost the entire periodic table. In Krzemiance and Udrynie, at a depth of 850 to 2.3 thousand. m underground, owes 1.5 billion tons of ores! There are approximately 50 million tons of titanium necessary to manufacture airplanes, submarines and spacecraft. There is also a vanadium - one of the most enduring of metals, as well as anotrozyt - deep magmatic rocks, a valuable building material, semi-precious stones. All this is worth (counting at market rates) of 355 billion dollars! And the independent expert Stanislav Pall believes that "... resources of about 30 elements that occur there, counted from the floor deposits are worth billions of dollars. The simplest conclusion is: Uplift deposits are worth more than gold all over the world ...".
And yet these treasures are not only no one brings, but in "The balance of mineral resources and underground water in Poland in 2002, issued by the Geological Institute in Warsaw, in the" Iron ore, titanium and vanadium, "reads:" for the magnetite-ore deposits occurring in ilemitowych Suwalki massif zasobowym been developed and adopted in 1996, the criteria approved by the Minister bilansowości OŚZNiL. Resources and reserves Krzemianka Udryń been approved as off-balance. In this state, Poland, virtually no iron ore ... major supplier of ore and concentrates, titanium is Norway, and Canada, Britain and Germany ...".
phrase "off balance sheet" means that "... resource deposits have such characteristics that make their operation is not possible now, but it is expected that it will be possible in the future as a result of technological progress, economic change, etc. .. ".
stoop to treasure
group of scientists, who in spring 2004, even set up a consortium for the further examination of deposits (included in its composition representatives of the Academy of Mining and Metallurgy in Krakow, Military Technical Academy and the Geological Institute) and the Association of autonomous activists Suwalki believe that it is high time to stoop to suwalski treasure.
Mine was due to begin in the late '70s Gierek was taken from the Federal Government makes 750 million loan. Factory built homes in Suwalki, a large housing estate, was set up mine. Annually, the methods to extract title from the 60s 8 million tonnes of ore. Castle on the Black Hańcza, wildly then (now too) late in development, became the capital of the province. Planners assumed that the 30-strong town will become a 130-thousandth of agglomeration.
From the outset, environmentalists protested. Who was in the vicinity of Suwalki Landscape Park, this no doubt "caught up" arcypiękną nature: glacial lakes, hills, lasankami, as crystal-clear air. But that's not rebellion nature lovers, but the economic crisis meant that in the 80s government moved the start date of construction of the mine at the end of the century. Then there were more important things on his head. And when it seemed that all of Suwalki titanium and wanadzie forgotten concept George Ząbkiewicz dusted first. It got even louder about it, when the matter came out of the U.S. offset the purchase of F-16. Mining of ores to be very specifically interested in one of American companies. Since they were still officially "off-balance sheet", has already found another place in the world. And then the consortium has received a negative response to its request for funding additional research resources. Ministry of Science, leaning on the opinion of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, found that there is no economic and ecological reasons for "drill" case suwalski treasures.
New opportunities
different opinion are supporters of mine. - It's twenty-first century - George explains Ząbkiewicz, chairman of the Association, and the miner and the economist in one person. - There are technologies to reconcile mining with environmental protection. Just go to the region of Kiruna in Sweden, or visit the Finnish mines. Uplift deposits are located in the ground made up of crystalline rocks rugged enough for the mining of ore, there was no need of even the case for the safety of miners, the temperature at the appropriate levels of service creates a working environment for future miners. Not even a threat of gas! Ore is in arrears because the odorless and bezgazowym reservoir. Extraction and would therefore be safe, and environmentally, as the process of pretreatment of raw material would take place within the mine. Why do tens of thousands of inhabitants of Silesia to ride to work up to the example of Finland (Turku, among others), that of Germany, not to mention, since they could move on with their knowledge, skills and experience in the Suwalki Region. Well, after what our mills have to import millions too thick ore from other countries? - Convinces Ząbkiewicz. However, Stanislaw
Palka, in its broad support to address the needs of the mining Suwalki ores, which have already addressed several years ago to the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, wrote, among others "... assumed non-waste technologies, and so there will be creating heaps ... There is credible evidence to suggest that the deposits are running out of Norway, and it is known that the deposits have been exhausted Finnish ... Mines have been used in Finland in the years 1949-1985 and they were a deep sea mines l capacity, 4 million tons of ore per year. There were no environmental problems ...".
Small steps
George Ząbkiewicz suggests that due to various uncertainties and the costs yet to start mining in small steps, such as from one lens to 50 thousand. Tons of production per year, Uplift allowed to use the treasures for ... a few hundred years! pilot borehole can arise in a place already abandoned gravel pit in Potaszni near Suwalki. There is now a rubbish dump ... wild, because so much is left of not having anything to do with the ecology of gravel capacity of 5 million tons year. But it was a technical background in the form of railways, power lines, etc. Rudy would have been transported there from the depths of the earth tunnel. In addition, a few miles away are the areas of the Suwalki Special Economic Zone and the Science and Technology Park Poland-East. The area even has a bet with a potential audience of titanium white.
On the occasion of the discussion of Suwalki ores saw the light of day indicates that the local land cover and other treasures. In the nearby Augustow Secretly in arrears in several kinds of metals including necessary the production of modern electric motors, supermagnesów, phosphors, semiconductors special superconductors renewable and clean energy sources. The main raw material are those of niobium, replacing the current technology in vanadium. According to J. Palka, these deposits may form at least 80 percent. resources of the European Union! George Ząbkiewicz therefore proposes that: - As much concern as to the advisability of extracting ore, let them meet in Suwalki supporters and opponents of the concept. Let Discuss, as it did in the mid-70s be the first governor of Suwalki, the late Eugene Złotorzyńskiego unfortunately, let pospierają the arguments, not imagined. Once known for their great concern for the environment Finns mined ore, since the next-largest titanium deposits are up in Australia, since in the wake of these elements could come into the confines of the Republic of technical thought and modern technology, it may nevertheless worth podebatować before we build anything or we decide that we should not build. Only then one must also answer to another question: what in return? With agriculture in the hilly, stony fields, it is difficult to make a living Suwalki. And tourism can only be a supplement, and not the main source of income. Suwalki sands is not Spain or France. Season is here 2-3 months - says head of the Authority of Suwalki, adding: - start extracting ores would work about 10,000 people. Three thousand would work the same mine, the other in its vicinity.
Recall that in the Suwalki region currently without a job is about 9 thousand. residents. After 2013 - convinces J. Zubkiewicz - The European Union will focus its financial support for innovation, new technologies, rather than - as now - to give money to build roads, water supply and sewage systems. Therefore change priorities. Preference will be given investment in knowledge, innovation. It might be worthwhile, therefore, such for that money, at least to begin research on potential exploitation m ores from the Suwalki beautiful land.
APPENDIX.
Already we have here
Kuwait
Suwalska earth conceals in its interior treasures: rare and precious metals - titanium and vanadium. In communist times it was planned to extract, but the project ended. Today George Ząbkiewicz, suwalski local government activist, seeking to return to them. He sees it as a chance for his region. Ecologists at the thought of mines on the Black Hańcza skin crawl.
Ząbkiewicz George is head of the association of self-governing region of Suwalki. It has a high school education and economic mining. The latter won in the U.S., where he learned how to claim citizenship, which is to knock on every door on what has happened to the belief that it is correct. And as to the validity of efforts to mine is sure. Therefore, knocking where they can, arguing that the Polish could not afford it, that such wealth is not used.
Ząbkiewicz believes that the Suwalki and the whole of Poland lost a great opportunity, but - says - everything is not lost yet. Stubbornly, with a briefcase full of documents on the wealth of resources Suwalki, rides his meetings with famous people in Poland who have something to say.
When Lech Walesa during the last presidential campaign arrived in Suwalki, Ząbkiewicz not missed opportunity.
- Lord, why did I not tell when I was president. Here we would second Kuwait had - Heard.
Lech Walesa declared that, if re-cover the highest office in the country - if I would support "- Suwalki become a land of milk and honey, and Poland is one of the major producers of titanium and vanadium in the world. Walesa, however, did not win the election and could not fulfill his promise. Anyway, it was for his presidency, in the early 90s, the case Suwalki mine was definitely set aside on the shelf.
Suwalki anomaly fact that inside the earth Suwalki hide treasures, was known for a long time. The old villagers Szurpiły and Udryn (gm. Jeleniewo) remember the strange behavior that appear from time to time in the sky and Antków kukuruźników (near the Szelmencie, there was a gliding school.) Flew quietly and suddenly, nor out of the blue began to air dance. It turned out that the "wariowały" as a result of their instruments in this region disrupted the natural magnetism of Earth. Already in the 30s made the first measurements of magnetic and gravity, and in 1956 George and John Znosko shell Geological Institute in Warsaw, came to the conclusion that hide underground deposits of highly concentrated metal ores. But no one knew what. The answer brought executed in 1962 The first wells: found iron ore, titanium and vanadium, as well as admixture of silver, copper, nickel. It turned out also that the layers begin only at a depth of 850 m and reach the 2300th The deeper we drilled, it revealed valuable deposits. Two kilometers beneath the surface of the iron content in the ore was approximately 30 percent., 7 titanium, vanadium 0.3. The confidential data showed that the size of Suwalki deposits are estimated at about 2 billion tons, and the value of potentially recoverable ore - over 30 billion dollars., Of which vanadium would fall 13 billion on titanium - 3, 5, the iron - 9.5. Vanadium concentrate derived from deposits overlap Suwalki 25 percent. then the entire global demand for this precious metal, titanium - 20 percent.
copy! With this information the central authorities decided to operate. In 1979, entered into a consortium of German banks for a loan amount of 750 million marks, for which he was to be built mine and ore processing plant. Part of this amount was to be repaid with vanadium and titanium, the rest spread out in 10 years. If the project was not completed, the contractor had the right to demand immediate repayment of the entire loan with interest.
There was no reason to wait. In February 1980, ministerial decision was mine and smelting plant Enrichment ores Krzemianka under construction, located in Suwalki. In March, the Planning Commission to the Council of Ministers agreed to begin design work and preparation. We had to hurry, Germany announcements at the end of an inspection visit. They wanted to see what has been done, what her first money. Their arrival only been able to expropriate Suwalki 5 ha of land and start building a hotel for miners. Visitors were not happy, but not marudzili. Following their arrival was planned for October 1981. As it is still the most critical decision - the location of investment - it was not possible or expropriate land for the construction of shafts, nor carry out any mining work. A confidential document from August 1981 reads: "Parties do not satisfy the German operation only preparatory work carried out during visits in the year of construction last year, because the lender expects mining operations, ensuring the supply of vanadium and titanium as early as 1988. "
Germany does not lived in Suwalki vanadium and titanium. Poland's economic crisis was seized and the authorities wietrzyły big political trouble. It is believed that the position was critical to our then ally - the Soviet Union, who did not accept investments may be of strategic importance for this part of Europe, with the participation of the West and the planned American capital.
Where are the brand? Ząbkiewicz trying to resurrect the idea. Most listens to him in disbelief, others with interest, but no one took the matter seriously enough to support it. Senator previous term Lech Feszler committed only to check what happened with 750 million marks a debt owed by Poland in German banks. He walked, he asked, but nothing is learned. Also
suspiciously approached the local authorities, and a Ząbkiewiczu say "fantasist". The ordinary people who once knocked his forehead, still treat it much more seriously. Changing attitudes takes - in his opinion - the increasing poverty resulting from unemployment (around 18 percent.) And hopelessness engulfing Suwalki Region. When he talks about what they can gain from mine - sees the gleam in their eyes. According to the assumptions of the late 70th employment in the mining complex was supposed to be six thousand. people were in Suwalki create new housing (the city of 30-thousand people took to degenerate into a 160-thousand), bus station, new roads, electricity network with the highest voltages, a new cadre schools for mining, recreation, etc.
base
- Problem backward cease Suwalki There - Ząbkiewicz says.
- A Poland would no longer have to import iron ore. Now we import 10 million tonnes per year significantly inferior for about $ 300 million. Ząbkiewicz knows that the same country today can not afford such a costly project, so the company came up with the participation of local governments. The capital to run the mine originates from the sale of shares on stock exchanges. Based on the London Stock Exchange quotations calculated residual value at the Suwalki titanium, vanadium and iron in well over 300 billion dollars. Believes that the world would find many willing to invest in such valuable resources. If it depended on him, some action, such as 15 percent., Rozdysponowałby between people living in Suwalki Region and Masuria. -
They all contributed to the development of the region - he says. Pure madness
When came up with plans to build a mine in Suwałki Landscape Park, the environmentalists in Poland, few have heard. Suwalki ore would be obtained by flotation, by rinsing with water, resulting in waste grease powstawałaby deadly flora and fauna. At that time the provincial authorities have reportedly hard fight to be drained and stored outside the park. She had a pipeline to swim several kilometers away from its borders Rowelskiej Valley, where he had a big tank to be mounted. Even if they survived nature, landscape would be affected. Tank and reaching above ground pipelines, power lines and oil rigs are not dodawałyby Suwalskiemu Parkowi landscape is charming.
- Today, something that has not passed - admits Ząbkiewicz. -
Environmentalists would certainly not allow it. Ma and a remedy. Believes that today you can design the mines so that the wastes remain underground and processing could be done elsewhere, for example, in Silesia. And then the Suwalki landscape and wildlife will suffer no longer. Dr. Andrew Berman of the Geological Institute told him about the mine in Finland, situated in an equally valuable as the Suwalki region, which in general do not see.
- It's true - says geologist. - It is a mine
Otanmeki, built at the site of a similar type deposits, similar rocks and a similar depth as the Uplift. There all the excavated material is under the ground in hollow chambers, and the surface is not heaps. Towers of glass located in the depressions, so that does not spoil the landscape. Flotation and processing takes place elsewhere, in another part of Finland. Mine itself is not unsightly environment, although of course roads, railways and electricity have to be brought. Ząbkiewicz sees only advantages of his idea. Suwałki ore stone surrounds about the extraordinary qualities and beauty, which he says could be extracted and sold. Similar cubic meter of raw, imported from India and Iran, it costs 5 thousand. zł. The presence of ore in solid rock means that you can drill down corridors without stamping. It would not be there, the threat of water and gas. This in turn means that there would be no surface mining damage, tremors, and osuwów. Pours strong reasons for the construction of the mine.
Dr. Ber is not convinced about this. First due to environmental problems and, secondly, for economic reasons. This is what pays the Finns, we do not have to pay. The operation - due to the complicated hydrological conditions (you would freeze holes) and residual deposits of great depth - would be very expensive. In this situation suwalski vanadium and titanium would not be able to compete with cheaper raw materials mined by the Russians, just beneath the surface of the earth. Back to the matter
Suwalki mine environmentalists consider to be madness.
Christopher Wolfram, president of the Foundation Polish Green Lungs, is outraged.
- This is the idea of \u200b\u200bgrubbing up the Bialowieza Forest species for cultivation of potatoes - unconvincing. -
But there is no need to develop the resource base or the steel industry. And at what cost? environmentalists imagination tells a nightmarish picture of the destruction: some lakes would cease to exist, wyrósłby forest of towers and chimneys. In the rubble ległyby all plans related to environmental protection of the region and functions assigned to him - nature reserve agricultural and tourist facilities.
Ząbkiewicz repeats his. Argues that poor soil here, and tourism is a pipe dream, because who will remain with her in a region where summer lasts for two months. A titanium and vanadium is a treasure that can be provided wealth.
Joanna Hofmann-Delbor Vanadium - silver-gray, hard plastic but metal. It is used as an ingredient in steel and cast iron and the manufacture of industrial catalysts. Some of its compounds are used in the manufacture of paints and varnishes, photographic and for the production of species specjallnych glasses.
Titanium - stalowoszary, lightweight, extremely tough and durable mechanical metal, is used mostly as an additive to steel. Titanium alloys are used in space vehicles, aircraft or ships. They are produced from them the tools and surgical implants (replacing bone defects), heat-resistant parts, cutting tools, laboratory apparatus. Titanium is a component of ceramics, paints and coatings (titanium white).
embroiders me well - I like the designs because the dimensions are not much more annoying (a cross that color is here to there) and extremely charming and well structured. Wyszywając green elements I used 11 colors, therefore, such a pattern comes naturally. 
Well liked and still only designing a whole - arrangement of color blocks, I counted how many elements of what I need and I started to cut. After the experience with a red blanket, this time I wanted to avoid overtime cut pieces. So I counted exactly - I will need 540 squares (two sizes) and 140 bars (in 4 sizes). Each block will have a 28 cm / 28 cm, and there will be 35 units. During the cut turned out that I run out of uniform green materials - but lucky for one of my favorite stores were up 3 greens - so dotn week and I already had a set of pieces. 
